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Incolator/Home & property/Rent or Buy

Home & property · 3 min

Rent or Buy

Rent-versus-buy is the most moralised arithmetic in personal finance — 'throwing money away' on one side, 'a money pit' on the other. This instrument replaces the folklore with a month-by-month simulation: the buyer amortises, carries and appreciates; the renter invests the down payment and every month's difference. At the horizon, two net-worth figures. The larger one wins.

Currency-agnostic · symbol only Rules version 1.0 Reviewed July 2026

Your details

Σ
Σ/ mo

Like for like — the place you'd actually live in instead.

% / yr
years
%
%

Transfer taxes, legal, valuation — sunk on day one.

%

Agent and legal on the way out.

% of value / yr

The ownership bill renters don't get: upkeep, tax, insurance, the roof fund.

% / yr
% / yr
% / yr

What the renter's capital earns.

years

Everything is calculated in your browser as you type. Nothing you enter is sent or stored, and no account is needed.

Your result

Rent, and invest the difference.

−$84,889

the renter's lead in year-10 net worth, at these assumptions

Two households, ten years on

The buyerThe renter
Monthly outflow, year one
Home equity at the horizon
Investment portfolio
Net worth at the horizon

Three markets, same house

If invested money earnsBuyer's net worthRenter's net worth

What moves this result

Worth checking

The renter's discipline is the model's boldest assumption: every month's difference actually invested, for a decade. Most renters spend it — in which case buying wins as forced saving, not as investment.

Transaction costs make short horizons brutal: buying costs plus selling costs is most of a decade's appreciation. Under five years of certainty, the simulation almost always says rent.

A home is leveraged, concentrated and lived-in — three things this clean comparison flattens. The number decides the money; whether you want a landlord in your life is a different desk.

Common questions

Is it cheaper to rent or buy?
It depends on five numbers, not on folklore: price-to-rent ratio, mortgage rate, what invested money earns, how long you stay, and transaction costs. This instrument simulates both households monthly at your figures; at the defaults, buying edges ahead by year ten — and loses badly under five years.
Isn't renting throwing money away?
Rent buys housing; interest, tax, maintenance and transaction costs buy housing too — none of them build equity either. The honest comparison is total unrecoverable costs on each side, with the renter investing the difference. Sometimes that favours the buyer, sometimes the renter; the folklore just never checks.
How many years do I need to stay for buying to beat renting?
The break-even horizon at your numbers is what the simulation finds: with ~8% round-trip transaction costs and typical appreciation, it commonly lands between years 5 and 9. Shorter certainty than the break-even is the arithmetic case for renting, whatever the mortgage payment compares like.
How this is calculated

Everything below is simulated monthly from your inputs. Appreciation, rent growth and return are assumptions you control — the scenario table stresses the market ±2 points regardless.

buyer: pays mortgage + carry; equity = value_t − balance_t exit: value_n × (1 − sell_costs) − balance_n renter: invests (down + closing) on day one, then invests (buyer_outflow_t − rent_t) each month at r winner: larger net worth at the horizon

The gauge reads the buyer's end wealth against the renter's, parity at 1.0. When the monthly difference turns negative — rent has grown past the mortgage payment — the renter draws down, which is exactly what happens in life. Both households live in the same quality of home throughout; only the money differs.

Limitations. No tax treatment — mortgage-interest relief, imputed-rent taxation and capital-gains exemptions vary enormously by country and can move the verdict; apply your regime to the ledger above. Refinancing, moving before the horizon, and leverage risk in a downturn are outside the clean case.